India - Success Story for a Communication Revolution

Having spent my childhood in India in an era when government controlled almost all aspects of communications, right from what you watched on television to getting a telephone connection, the current state of affairs in the Indian communication industry is heartening to watch.

I clearly remember Oct 31st 1984, the day Indira Gandhi, the then Prime minister of India, was assassinated. The government run television channel Doordarshan carried her funeral live 3 days later on Nov 3rd 1984. Back then having a television was a luxury. Our family was fortunate enough to have a black and white television set and the entire neighbourhood turned up at our place to watch the funeral procession live. Contrast that with today where every household has a television set, and the list of channels that you can get is almost endless.

The other aspect of the communication revolution is happening the telecom sector. 25 years back, very few households had a land line telephone connection. And the wait to get a new connection was anywhere from 6 to 8 years. Contrast that with the current state of affairs. Mobile phones have totally transformed the telecom market in India. They have become so ubiquitous that even the humble milkman or the vegetable vendor now carries a mobile phone.

Shashi Tharoor paints this contrast in his book, The Elephant, The Tiger and The Cellphone. He writes:

Bureaucratic statism committed a long list of sins against the Indian people, but communication was high up on the list: tge woeful state of India's telephone right up to the 1990's, with only 8 million connections and a further 20 million on the waiting list, would have been a joke if it wasn't also a tragedy - and a man-made one at that. We had possibly the worst telephone penetration rates in the world. The government's indifferent attitude to the need to improve India's communication infrastructure was epitomized by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's communication minister, C.M. Stephen, who declared in parliment, in response to questions decrying the rampant telephone breakdowns in the country, that telephones were a luxury, not a right, and that any Indian who was not satisfied with his telephone service could return his phone - since there was a eight year waiting list of people seeking this supposedly inadequate product.